Problem 1—The following DC measurements are made on a differential amplifier. Vi1 and Vi2 are the input voltages. Vout is the output voltage. Vi1 = 0 V, Vi2 = 0V, Vout = –0.1 V Vi1 = 0.02 V, Vi2 = 0 V, Vout = 0.4 V Assuming the common mode rejection ratio (CMRR) is infinity, find the differential-mode gain and the offset voltage referred to the input.

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Problem 2—You have two bars of iron. One is magnetized along its length, the other is not. Without using any other instrument (e.g., thread, filings, other magnets, etc.), find out which is which.

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Problem 3— A helium-filled balloon is tied to the floor of a car that makes a sharp right turn. Does the balloon move while the turn is made? If so, which way? The windows are closed so there is no connection with the outside air.

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Problem 4—Describe the similarities and differences between two different threads running in the same process and two independent processes. When would you want to use two threads in the same process? When would you want different processes?

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Problem 5—User-level threads are threads that are scheduled directly by the process they are part of rather than by the kernel - the kernel schedules the processes, and any process that has threads schedules them however it wants within its time slice. Describe briefly how such a scheme would work. Can you think of any problems with such an implementation?

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Problem 6—Early Intel processors such as the 8086 did not support dual-mode operation (user and supervisor modes). This had a fairly major impact on the type of system that could be implemented on these processors, and most did not support multi-user operation. Discuss a few potential problems that could arise in trying to support multi-user operation on such a system.

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Problem 7—What are the differences between traps and interrupts? What is the use of each?

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Published: October-2002
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